Balanced Literacy Literature

Balanced Literacy Literature Pennypacker, S. (2006). Clementine. New York, NY: Hyperion Book CH. The book entitled Clementine is written by Sara Pennypacker. It dwells upon the life of the girl, Clementine, who is very active, resourceful, helpful, creative, responsive and kind. It is possible to state that Pennypacker (2006) depicts an average child who is trying to find her way in the world (performing at school, developing relationships with peers and adults). Adults try to make Clementine follow their rules.Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Balanced Literacy: Literature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this girl has her own logic. Pennypacker (2006) uses first person singular which makes the book very intimate. The author tells the story in the way Clementine (a little girl) sees it. Admittedly, this book can be regarded as a great reading for 3-graders. Students will eagerly read the book to find out more about the girl who is just like them. Apart from being a good book for practicing reading and writing skills, the book is also didactic. Students can associate themselves with the cheerful girl and learn many important lessons. Thus, students will be able to develop their reading and writing skills and, at the same time, they will be able to develop appropriate behavioral patterns. Haddix, M.P. (2007). Dexter the Tough. New York, NY: Simon Schuster Children’s Publishing. The book written by Margaret Haddix (2007) and entitled Dexter the Tough is concerned with quite a difficult period in the life of Dexter, the protagonist of the book. Dexter has to handle many difficulties. Thus, his father is getting some cancer treatment and his mother has to spend a lot of time in the clinic. Dexter has to live with his grandmother and has to attend a new school. Of course, Dexter sees everything in the worst light as he is overwhelmed by quite serious problems. Even the cheerful teacher evokes ra ther negative feelings in him. Haddix (2007) tells a story of a child who faces certain problems. Thus, the book will be a good treat for children who find themselves in similar situations. The book provides certain answers which can help children find their own ways to overcome their difficulties. Thus, Dexter understands that his behavior is quite inappropriate. He also learns to develop proper relationships with his peers. He also finds a friend. This friendship helps Dexter to change his outlook. The book is a good source to use in the 5th grade. Students will be interested in the plot and at the same time they will develop their reading and writing skills. The two books mentioned above can be used in a balanced literacy classroom. As far as Clementine is concerned, this book can be used to practice all components of a balanced reading program. Thus, the teacher can read some passages aloud to make the students acquainted with a model of fluent reading. The book is suitable for developing vocabulary as well.Advertising Looking for annotated bibliography on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, such topics as home, classroom, school, etc. can be developed. It is also possible to develop silent reading. The teacher can ask the students to read some passages aloud for the class. It is also possible to act out some passages: a student reads Clementine’s words, a student reads Margaret’s words and so on. Furthermore, the students can practice retelling. Thus, the teacher can ask the students to read some parts of the book at home. The students will retell these parts during the next class. Finally, the teacher can ask the students to write short essays on the book. For instance, the students can write what it means to be attentive. They can also write about Clementine. They can try to reflect upon her behavior and her relationships with Margaret. They can also try to com pare Clementine with someone they know (or with themselves). As far as Dexter the Tough is concerned, the book can also be used to develop reading and writing skills. In the first place, the teacher can ask some students to read passages aloud for the rest of the student. Furthermore, the students can be asked to scan certain passages to retrieve the major idea of the passage. The book can also be used to work on vocabulary. Thus, while working on a particular part of the book, the students can be asked to write out all adjectives or verbs they can find in the passage. It is also possible to practice saying synonyms and opposites. Thus, the students can try to replace all adjectives with their opposites, or they can try to put as many adjectives to a particular word as they can. As for writing skills development, the book can be very helpful. For instance, the teacher can ask the students to evaluate Dexter’s actions at school or focus on his thoughts. The students can reflec t upon Dexter’s problems and the ways he chooses to cope with his problems. They can try to express their opinion and suggest the best solutions. The teacher can also ask the students to reflect upon their difficulties and the ways to overcome them.Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on Balanced Literacy: Literature specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Haddix, M.P. (2007). Dexter the Tough. New York, NY: Simon Schuster Children’s Publishing. Pennypacker, S. (2006). Clementine. New York, NY: Hyperion Book CH.

What Thanksgiving Reveals about American Culture

What Thanksgiving Reveals about American Culture Sociologists believe that the rituals practiced within any given culture serve to reaffirm that cultures most important values and beliefs. This theory dates back to founding sociologist Émile Durkheim  and has been validated by countless researchers over more than a centurys time. According to sociologists, by examining a ritual, we can come to understand some fundamental things about the culture in which it is practiced. So in this spirit, lets take a look at what Thanksgiving reveals about us. Key Takeaways: Sociological Insights on Thanksgiving Sociologists look at celebrations in order to understand culture.By spending time with family and friends on Thanksgiving, people reaffirm their close relationships.Thanksgiving highlights stereotypical American gender roles.Overeating associated with Thanksgiving illustrates American materialism and abundance. The Social Importance of Family and Friends It may not be much of a surprise that coming together to share a meal with loved ones signals how important relationships with friends and family are in our culture, which is far from a uniquely American thing. When we gather together to share in this holiday, we effectively say, Your existence and our relationship is important to me, and in doing so, that relationship is reaffirmed and strengthened (at least in a social sense). But there are some less obvious and decidedly more interesting things going on too. Thanksgiving Highlights Normative Gender Roles The holiday of Thanksgiving and the rituals we practice for it reveal the gender norms  of our society. In most households across the U.S. it is women and girls who will do the work of preparing, serving, and cleaning up after the Thanksgiving meal. Meanwhile, most men and boys are likely to be watching and/or playing football. Of course, neither of these activities is exclusively gendered, but they are predominantly so, especially in heterosexual settings. This means that Thanksgiving serves to reaffirm the distinct roles we believe men and women should play in society, and even what it means to be a man or a woman in our society today. The Sociology of Eating on Thanksgiving One of the most interesting sociological research findings about Thanksgiving comes from Melanie Wallendorf and Eric J. Arnould, who take a sociology of consumption standpoint. In a study of the holiday published in the  Journal of Consumer Research  in 1991, Wallendorf and Arnould, along with a team of student researchers, conducted observations of Thanksgiving celebrations across the U.S. They found that the rituals of preparing food, eating it,  overeating it, and how we talk about these experiences signal that Thanksgiving is really about celebrating material abundance- having a lot of stuff, notably food, at ones disposal.  They observe that the fairly bland flavorings of Thanksgiving dishes and the heaping piles of food presented and consumed signal that it is quantity rather than quality that matters on this occasion. Building on this in her study of competitive eating contests (yes, really!), sociologist Priscilla Parkhurst Ferguson sees in the act of overeating the affirmation of abundance at the national level. In her 2014 article in Contexts, she writes that our society has so much food to spare that its citizens can engage in eating for sport.  In this light, Ferguson describes Thanksgiving as a holiday that celebrates ritualistic overeating, which is meant to honor national abundance through consumption. As such, she declares Thanksgiving a patriotic holiday. Thanksgiving and American Identity Finally, in a chapter in the 2010 book  The Globalization of Food, titled  The National and the Cosmopolitan in Cuisine: Constructing America through Gourmet Food Writing, sociologists  Josà ©e Johnston, Shyon Baumann, and Kate Cairns reveal that Thanksgiving plays an important role in defining and affirming American identity. Through a study of how people write about the holiday in food magazines, their research shows that eating, and especially preparing Thanksgiving, is framed as an American rite of passage. They conclude that participating in these rituals is a way to achieve and affirm ones American identity, especially for immigrants. It turns out that Thanksgiving is about a lot more than turkey and pumpkin pie.

Applying to university Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Applying to university - Essay Example Though I do not profess to be a hardcore feminist, still, through personal experience I have come to know that the women are made to behave and act in a particular way through continual training and regimentation, right from the time of their birth. Right when a baby girl is born, she is made to learn that she is required to wear particular kind of clothes, she is to behave and act in a particular way, and she is to learn to do specific types of household chores. Even the innocent games played by female children are full of such societal imprints and expectations. So no wonder, when a baby girl grows out to be an adult woman, she is already convinced in her mind that she has to abide by the norms of a male dominated society. Such expectations imprinted in the minds of women wreck havoc with their innate aptitude and their potential for personal growth and development. In the professional sphere, the consequences of male dominance tend to be very obvious. Time and again one comes to hear about the ‘glass ceiling’. Even the women who dare to transcend these constraints have to compromise to a large extent. To excel in their careers, they are not allowed to harness the abilities like networking, empathy, bonding, consensus making that the innately possess because of being a women. Rather they are expected to imitate the male competitive role models, a thing that resultantly jeopardizes their personal and professional lives. The result is a deep seated sense of dissatisfaction and frustration. So, I believe that one of the essential goals of my education is to be able to get over such societal barriers and the consequent macho trends and expectations. I believe that the essential goal of education is to enable a person to build professional and personal relationship with others on the terms of equality and respect. Anything contrary to this is

Unit 5 Individual Project 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unit 5 Individual Project 1 - Essay Example conomic Review, Microsoft is the most admired company in the world, both due to its development and vision, and because of its financial stability and economic strength. It has been on the top of the list for nine straight years. Much of the credit for this goes to the increasing financial growth of the company over the years, and its expanding revenue and costing horizons, thanks to its ever-developing subsidies all around the world. According to the Review, there was a 13% growth in its revenue in the fiscal year ending in June 2003, to an outstanding $32 billion, with an 11% increase in the operating income, to $13 billion (Review 2008). The importance of the growth of its subsidies and global presence can be inferred from the fact that Microsoft decided to spend around $750 million to build up on its position in China by 2005 (Review 2008), a strong market and a booming economic strength that is sure to provide Microsoft with an increased influx of revenue, resulting in an increa sed growth rate and financial stability post-2005 investment. In fact, the financial growth is already apparent. Owing to the increased markets and customers liking for the launch of new features of Windows Vista and Microsoft Office 2007, there has already been a 6% increase in the revenue for the fiscal quarter ending on 31st December, 2006, which reached $12.54 billion, a deferral of $1.64 billion of revenue and operating income, as compared to the figures of the same quarter for the previous year, that is the quarter ending on 31st December, 2005 (Microsoft 2007). All the facts and figures revealing the company’s financial standing and growth are a proof of the economic stability and expansion of

P.E training program- fitness Essay Example for Free

P.E training program- fitness Essay General fitness- Speed is the ability to perform a movement or cover a distance in a short period of time. A mid fielder needs speed to out run other players or to catch on to a loose ball. Muscular endurance- is the ability of the muscles to work for a long period of time without tiring. In football you need it to be able to run around the football pitch for the whole 90 minutes. Flexibility- you lose flexibility as you get older. It is important to warm up and cool down before and after a match. In football most players in the team need to be flexible, for example to header the ball, but also the goalkeeper has to be very flexible to be able to make difficult saves. Cardiovascular endurance- requires the heart and blood vessels to supply the working muscles with oxygen for long periods of time without tiring too much. This is needed in football because you run around a lot and you need our heart and lungs to cope with the activity for the whole 90 minutes. Strength- is normally measured by the amount of weight the muscles can lift, or applying a force against a resistance. This is used in football when we tackle or are being marked and your shoulder to shoulder you need strength to hold others off. Skill related fitness- Balance- is the ability to keep up right while you are standing still or moving, this is needed in football when kicking the ball because you are balancing on one leg. Co-ordination- is the ablity to use different senses and body parts together in football this is needed between eye and foot, so you kick the ball and not miss especially volleying. Speed of reaction- is needed on the pitch so when an over ball is played your on-side and make your run perfectly to lose the defender. Timing- is needed in football to kick the ball at the right time to get the perfect touch. Agility- is the ability to change direction of the body in football we use this to help loose a defender by turning at speed, it can also help when your in the box for the corner to lose a defender so you can get up for a header. Physical skills- Kicking- is very important because the game is using your feet and you need to kick the ball to get the ball round the pitch. Shooting- is necessary to be able to shoot as in order to win the game you need to score and in order to score you need to SHOOT to ball into the goal past the keeper. Tackling- is very important to stop opponents from scoring but some times players timings are not quiet right and cause a dangerous tackle resulting in another players injury. Marking- is necessary to hold off opponents attacks and not ‘losing’ the person your defending. Heading- is important to either score from a high ball crossed in or clear the ball away from a opponent in the air. Dribbling- is very important to get the ball closer to your opponents goal. There is 2 types of dribbling: *Firstly when your jogging and keeping the ball closer to your feet. *Secondly when you knock the ball ahead of you a couple of metres and sprint to catch up with it, this is used to knock the ball past the defender. Other attributes- Concentration- is extremely important because if you’re a goalkeeper and you don’t have anything to do for 30minutes you might ‘switch off’ and let in a shot which if you were concentrating you would have saved. Motivation- is very important because if you want to win but go a goal down if you and your team are motivated enough you will be trying to score 2 goals and keep fighting. Confidence- is needed so you have the confidence in your self so you trust your ability and get ‘stuck in.’ Most important skills and techniques in football. Speed is essential in football; it is used throughout the game whether you are an attacker or a defender. For example if you are an attacker and you need to out run a defender to get the ball, to get past a defender and have a attack on goal or if your defending and there is a break you need to run as fast as possible with the ball (or in support) to the oppositions half to make an attack before their defenders catch up with you. Muscular endurance is needed 100% in football because if you are running around for 90 minutes your no use to your team if after 60 minutes you have a stitch and need to be substituted. Muscular endurance can be improved over time with a training program. Cardiovascular endurance is essential so that you can last the whole 90 minutes. If somebody’s cardiovascular endurance was not very good and they ran around for 90 minutes it could cause them to pass out because there heart and lungs can not take the strain. Smoking will also effect your cardiovascular endurance because if your trying to take in more oxygen the tar built up around your hearts arteries makes the oxygen’s gap smaller letting oxygen though slower then needed causing short of breath quicker. Balance is essential because in order to kick the ball you must stand on one leg, if you don’t have good balance you may fall over before your foot reaches the ball. Balance can not be improved, your either have good balance or you don’t. Co-ordination is important; football players need co-ordination between their eye and foot so they make contact with the ball. Skills on the ball are only preformed if the player has good co-ordination otherwise tricks become unsuccessful.

Uncle Toms Cabin :: American America History

Uncle Tom's Cabin Uncle Tom's Cabin is one of the most famous and popular pieces of Civil War literature. It was drawn from selected pieces of a real life memoir done by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Uncle Tom's Cabin was a book that drew many people into the fight over the institution of slavery. Northerners hailed the book saying it exposed the truth, while southern slaveholders and plantation owners claimed that it had many falsehoods in it. President Lincoln, when he met Stowe called her, "the little lady who started this big war." Originally planned for a series of short essays for the National Era (an abolitionist newspaper) in 1851-1852, Stowe gathered so much information, that is was too large for newspaper print, and was published originally by the Boston publishing company Jewett. Immediately it became a hot seller, with northerners and southerners alike. It sold more copies than any other piece of literature, with the exception of the Bible and soon Stowe was touring the United States and Europe to speak against slavery. Many argued that there were false reports in what she wrote because the slave owners were portrayed as heartless devilish men, and the slaves were portrayed as their victims. These were mostly Southern slave owners who believed they treated their slaves well and the slaves were happy. To respond to this, Stowe published A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin a year later, in 1853, to provide documentation of the truth upon which her novel is based. Uncle Tom's Cabin tells a story of adversity in the struggle for freedom, a look into human cruelty as well as human compassion, and one man's loyalty to those he is indentured to. It is set in a period just before the Civil War; during the time when the black people of America were not citizens, but property and had no rights. In the south during this time, the blacks were forced to work hard labor on plantations and were required to live in small dorms outside of their owner's homes. However, the novel is more than just a narrative of slaves, but of human emotion rising up in the face of adversity. It is a story of the fight for freedom, and an account of the history of America. The author brings out the humanity in the slaves, and describes the great injustices that took place during the time.

The Shakespear Stealer

The Shakespeare Stealer Through out the story the main character Widge if faced with a moral dilemma which is either copy down word for word the Shakespeare play Hamlet Or face the unknown pain and paral of Falconer. The English dictionary defines a moral dilemma as a complex situation that often involves an apparent mental conflict between moral imperatives, in which to obey one would result in transgressing another. I believe that that is exactly what Widge is going through.The reason Widge is so scared of facing Falconer is because Falconer killed a grow man for calling him a dirty Jew. If Falconer would do that to a grow me thing of what he would do to puny Widge, he would surely kill him of worse torture him. Another key roll being played is Widges fate, luck, and guilt. Widges fate is when he tries to get a way form falconer at the Globe Theater and ends up getting hit in the face by a door when he tries to open it.Widges luck is that he is now in a nice home with nice people w ho want to help him and be his friend with food and a room, he is also safe from Falconer. Widge starts to feel guilt about betraying the people at the theater because they are the only people who have ever been nice to him. What Widge is attempting to do is wrong because it is plagiarism. Plagiarism is copy in a piece of writing or other work without authorization. Plagiarism is wrong because you steal someones hard work and then claim it as their own.

Intro to finance Essay

Question 1 (5 points) Qin deposits his first paycheck in the bank. The annual interest rate is 12%, but interest is compounded quarterly. The EAR is: 12.00 12.55 12.68 12.44 Question 2 (5 points) Gloria is 35 and trying to plan for retirement. She has put a budget together and plans to save $4,800 per year, starting at the end of this year, in a retirement fund until she is 65. Assume that she can make 7% on her account. How much will she have for retirement at age 65? 499245 144000 453412 345514 Question 3 (5 points) Dominique has just turned 65 and she has deposited her annual payment of $20,000 into her retirement account. She made her first such saving deposit into this fund on her 35th birthday. Dominique has also retired and wants to figure out how much money she has in her retirement account for her retired life. You are Dominique’s friend who knows finance. How much is Dominique’s savings worth today given that the fund has earned an annual return of 5.5%? (Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals.) Answer for Question 3 Question 4 (5 points) Gerard has estimated that he is going to need enough in his retirement fund to withdraw $75,000 per year beginning on his 66th birthday and for 19 additional years thereafter. How much will Gerard need in his retirement account at age 65 if his fund is expected to earn an annual return of 9.5%? 995733 660929 1500000 644324 Question 5 (10 points) Rachna is considering a life insurance plan that will require her to pay a premium of $200 every year for the next 40 years. She wants to make sure that she is able to make this payment and wants to put away a lump sum today in her bank to cover all future payments. How much would she need to deposit in her bank if the annual interest rate on her deposit account is 4%? (Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals.) Answer for Question 5 Question 6 (10 points) Roxanne is in the market for a new house, and she has found a house she likes that is selling for $250,000. The down payment on the house is 20% (the amount that the bank should require you to pay in cash) and Roxanne plans to finance the remainder with a fixed rate mortgage. The annual rate is 6% and the mortgage is for 15 years, though payments are monthly. What is the interest component of Roxanne’s first monthly payment? 1000 900 800 1100 Question 7 (15 points) Baako has invested $75,000 in a trust fund at 9% for his child’s college education. His child will draw $30,000 per year for four years, starting at the end of year 7. What will be the amount that will be left over in the education fund at the end of year 10 (just after the child has withdrawn the fourth time)?(Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals.) Answer for Question 7 Question 8 (15 points) Jingfei bought a house 10 years ago for $200,000. Her down payment on the house was the minimum required 10% at that time she financed the remainder with a 15-year fixed rate mortgage. The annual interest rate was 10% and she was required to make monthly payments, and she has just made her 120th payment. A new bank has offered to refinance the remaining balance  on Jingfei’s loan and she will have to pay $1,900 per month for the next 5 years, but the total fees she will have to pay today to get the new loan is $1,000. Should she take the new offer? How much will she gain or lose in today’s dollars if she does? Annual interest rates are still 10%. (yes, gain 324) (yes, gain 712) (no, loss 614) (no, loss 712) (yes, gain 614) (No, loss 324) Question 9 (15 points) You have been living in the house you bought 10 years ago for $300,000. At that time, you took out a loan for 80% of the house at a fixed rate 15-year loan at an annual stated rate of 9%. You have just paid off the 120th monthly payment. Interest rates have meanwhile dropped steadily to 6% per year, and you think it is finally time to refinance the remaining balance. But there is a catch. The fee to refinance your loan is $4,000. Should you refinance the remaining balance? How much would you save/lose if you decided to refinance? (yes, gain 4053) (yes, gain 3300) (no, lose 2331) (yes, gain 4647) (no, lose 2300) (no, lose 1323) Question 10 (15 points) You are interested in a new Ford Taurus. After visiting your Ford dealer, doing your research on the best leases available, you have three options. (i) Purchase the car for cash and receive a $1,500 cash rebate from Dealer A. The price of the car is $15,000. (ii) Lease the car from Dealer B. Under this option, you pay the dealer $500 now and $200 a month for each of the next 36 months (the first $200 payment occurs 1 month from today). After 36 months you may buy the car for $8,000. (iii) Purchase the car from Dealer C who will lend you the entire purchase price of the car for a zero interest  36-month loan with monthly payments. The car price is $15,000. Suppose the market interest rate is 6%. What is the net cost today of the cheapest option? (Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals.Since this asks for a cost, you just enter the number without a negative sign.)

Free Essays on Zora Neal Hurstons “ Sweat “

Zora Hurston was born on January7, 1891, in Eatonville Florida, the first black town ship to be in corperated in the united states. Her mother died when she was thirteen years old. Zora graduated from Morgan Academy high school in 1918. She also attended Howard university between 1918 and 1924, but she graduated from Bernard college in 1928. Her first novel was Jonahs Gourd Vine written in 1934 One of her popular literacy was Sweat ; a short story about two disturbed black couples living in the south. Delia and Sykes Jones fought constantly about everything. Sykes hated the fact his wife washed clothing for the white folks. He believed it was a disgrace to the black race to stoop that low. Delia on the other hand despised her husbands selfish aggressive behaviors. She is a hard working and most of her living and goes towards including their house. To make things worst Sykes was seeing another women, which hurt Delia a lot, but strengthened her in reminding who owns everything. I believe her husband sees it too, or he would have left her for the other woman. The only time I see a pinch of happiness shared between those two, is when Sykes scares Delia with a rope which looks like a snake. She gets angry but they both laugh about for a short while, then they go back hating each other. Maybe it’s there on way of expressing love to one another. But sometimes your own jokes can turn around and bite you in the butt. That is exactly what happened to Sykes when the snake escaped from the box and killed him. I was sad the way he died, but it is his stubbornness which caused it. This story reminds me of my aunt and uncle, except I don’t think he cheats on her. But they verbally fight a lot and joke about it after or just the opposite way around which is quite funny, which brings me back to the book sweat. Although this short story serious in way on the other it was considerable funny.... Free Essays on Zora Neal Hurstons' â€Å" Sweat â€Å" Free Essays on Zora Neal Hurstons' â€Å" Sweat â€Å" Zora Hurston was born on January7, 1891, in Eatonville Florida, the first black town ship to be in corperated in the united states. Her mother died when she was thirteen years old. Zora graduated from Morgan Academy high school in 1918. She also attended Howard university between 1918 and 1924, but she graduated from Bernard college in 1928. Her first novel was Jonahs Gourd Vine written in 1934 One of her popular literacy was Sweat ; a short story about two disturbed black couples living in the south. Delia and Sykes Jones fought constantly about everything. Sykes hated the fact his wife washed clothing for the white folks. He believed it was a disgrace to the black race to stoop that low. Delia on the other hand despised her husbands selfish aggressive behaviors. She is a hard working and most of her living and goes towards including their house. To make things worst Sykes was seeing another women, which hurt Delia a lot, but strengthened her in reminding who owns everything. I believe her husband sees it too, or he would have left her for the other woman. The only time I see a pinch of happiness shared between those two, is when Sykes scares Delia with a rope which looks like a snake. She gets angry but they both laugh about for a short while, then they go back hating each other. Maybe it’s there on way of expressing love to one another. But sometimes your own jokes can turn around and bite you in the butt. That is exactly what happened to Sykes when the snake escaped from the box and killed him. I was sad the way he died, but it is his stubbornness which caused it. This story reminds me of my aunt and uncle, except I don’t think he cheats on her. But they verbally fight a lot and joke about it after or just the opposite way around which is quite funny, which brings me back to the book sweat. Although this short story serious in way on the other it was considerable funny....

Difference Between Private and Independent Schools

Difference Between Private and Independent Schools When public school just isnt working to help a child succeed and meet his or her fullest potential, its not uncommon for  families to start to consider alternative options for elementary, middle or high school education. When this research begins, most likely private schools will start popping up as one of those options. Start doing more research, and youll likely encounter a variety of information that includes information and profiles on both private schools and independent schools, which might leave you scratching your head. Are they the same thing? Whats the difference? Lets explore.   Similarities Between Private and Independent Schools There is one big similarity between private and independent schools, and that is the fact  that they are non-public schools. In other words, they are schools which are funded by their own resources, and do not receive public funding from the state or federal government.   Differences Between Private and Independent Schools But it seems as though the terms private school and independent school are often used as though they mean the same thing. The truth is, they are both the same and different. Even more confused? Lets break it down. In general,  independent schools are actually considered private schools, but not all private schools are independent. So an independent school can call itself private or independent, but a private school cannot always refer to itself as independent. Why? Well, this subtle distinction between a private school and an independent school has to do with the legal structure of each, how they are governed, and how they are funded. An independent school has a truly independent board of trustees that oversees the schools operation, while a  private school can theoretically be part of another entity, such as a for profit corporation or a not for profit organization such as a church or synagogue. An independent board of trustees often meets several times a year to discuss the schools overall health, including finances, reputation, improvement, facilities, and other important aspects of the schools success. The administration at an independent school is responsible for carrying out a strategic plan that ensures the schools on-going success, and reports to the board regularly on progress and how they will address or are addressing any challenges the school may face.   External organizations, such as a religious group or other for-profit or not-for-profit organization,  that can provide financial assistance to a private school, not an independent school, will make the school less dependent on tuition and charitable donations for survival. However, these private schools may incur regulations and/or restrictions from the associated organization, such as mandated enrollment restrictions and curricular advancements. Independent schools, on the other hand, typically have a unique mission statement, and are financed by tuition payments and charitable donations. Often, independent school tuitions are more expensive than their private school counterparts, which is because most independent schools rely mostly on tuition to fund its daily operations.   Independent schools are accredited by the National Association of Independent Schools, or NAIS, and often have stricter rules for governance than some private schools. Through NAIS, individual states or regions have approved accrediting bodies that work to ensure all schools within their respective regions meet rigorous requirements in order to achieve accreditation status, a process that occurs every 5 years. Independent schools also typically have large endowments and large facilities, and include both boarding and day schools. Independent schools may have a religious affiliation, and may include religious studies as part of the schools philosophy, but they are governed by an independent board of trustees and not a larger religious organization. If an independent school wishes to change an aspect of its operations, such as eliminating religious studies, they only need the approval of their board of trustees and not a governing religious institution. The State of Utah Office of Education offers a typical definition of a private school:A school that is controlled by an individual or agency other than a governmental entity, which is usually supported primarily by other than public funds, and the operation of whose program rests with someone other than publicly elected or appointed officials. McGraw-Hills Higher Education site defines an independent school as nonpublic school unaffiliated with any church or other agency. Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Explain what proposition knowledge is, and explain the JBT theory of Essay

Explain what proposition knowledge is, and explain the JBT theory of propositional knowledge. Be sure to explain why it seems th - Essay Example For example John and Brian apply for the same job and john believes that Brian will get the job and he has twenty bucks in his pocket. John is justified in believing that the one who will get the job has twenty bucks in his pocket, so it can be said that john is justified in believing the truth although he also has got twenty bucks in his pocket which he is does not know of. Another example is, for instance just meeting a person is not enough. One should have knowledge about the person. One should have details about that person. This kind of knowledge is known as Personal knowledge. Procedural knowledge also involves some kind of propositional knowledge. For instance, if you have knowledge of how to operate a computer then obviously you will know that by pressing a specific key what function will the computer perform. The Justified True Belief (JTB) theory was given by the famous Greek Philosopher, Plato. Plato was student of the great philosopher Socrates and was the teacher of Aris totle who was also a celebrated philosopher of his time. In Plato’s view, three elements, justification, truth and belief combine to form the definition of propositional knowledge.