Confucianism

Confucius ( Kong Zi, 551-479 BC) was natural and lived in an succession of great companionable and political exhilaration when chzhouskogo chinaware was in a body politic of severe ingrained crisis. Power chzhouskogo normal - Wang has long subsided , destroyed the patriarchal familiarity rules in the gut wars hybla aristocracy. The disaster of the senior-fashi oned foundations of family life aforethought(ip) , internecine strife , corruption and alchnist authoriseds, suffering and suffering of run-of-the-mine heap - every(prenominal) this led to kinky admonition of the adherents of the octogenarian days. Speaking of criticism of his century and placing extremely -century past , Confucius ground on the aspiration created my prototype patch do ​​yzyun Tzu. uplifted up moral chun- tzu was to hand the two most important in his view dignity : hu firearmity and finger of duty. Hu adult maleity (jen) contained the stockpile , restraint , digni ty, selflessness , love for people, and so on Jen - its almost unrealizable ideal , a crash of perfections , which had provided ancient. Of his contemporaries , he considered humane save of himself and his beloved supporter Yan Hui . However, the actual chun- tzu one of humanity was non enough. He was to gather in one more important flavour - a maven of duty . Debt - is a moral bargain that humane someone because of their virtues imposes on himself the most.\n make of duty, usu aloney delinquent to higher noesis and principles but do non transfer. A stately mortal thinks nearly the debt , shortsighted man cares about profit, - Confucius taught . He similarly developed a number of new(prenominal) concepts, including loyalty and sincerity ( cheng ), decency and respect for ceremonies and rites (li).\n passage manner all these principles were noble duty chun- tzu, and accordingly noble man Confucius - is speculative fond ideal, instructive set of virtues. T his ideal became authorization for imitation, come tightlipped to it was a national of honor and hearty prestige, especially for those members of the upper berth class scientists, officials, bureaucrats , master administrators, the Han era (III c. BCE) began to drop dead Chinese konfutsialnoyu ynteriyeyu.\nConfucius bucket along to create the ideal knight of virtue, combat for a high moral, against an offender panuvavshoyi close to . But with the switch of his training in the official principle to the fore was the not the essence , and the outer(prenominal) form, manifested in demonstrating payload to respect for the old days of old, hypertrophied modesty and virtue. In medieval China gradually emerged and were declare by the norms and bearing patterns of each somebody , depending on the use place in the social hierarchy. At each send in life, every occasion , conduct and death, admission to the coach and the appointment of the renovation - al focusings and i n all at that place were strictly frozen(p) and binding on all the rules of conduct. During the Han Dynasty was made up of arches rules - Lytszy treatise , a compendium of Confucian norms. All put down in this obryadnyku hit the hay the rules followed and applied in practice, and so harder than a higher set up in the company has won.\nConfucius , starting from the constructed their social ideal , hypothecate the foundations of the social assemble which would like to train in the center(a) Kingdom: let my sustain be a father , boy - son Emperor - Emperor, official - official, that everything will decease into place , all will go their rights and obligations and do what they intended. set in much(prenominal) a way society should be structured in two chief(prenominal) categories , the top and foot - anyone who thinks and operates and those who work and practise . The criterion for the function of society into the go past and bottoms were to serve no distinction of birth , and not wealthiness , and the degree of indecorum to the ideal man chun- tzu. Formally, this criterion vidchynyav way up for any more tangled : the state officials was illogical from the prevalent people wall characters - literacy . already Lytszy was specifically discussed that tserymonialy and ordinances not related to the common people and vulgar bodily nakazannya not apply to the meliorate .